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Anxiety is one of the most common mental health issues that affects 40 million adults in the United States. A variety of medications are available to treat it.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs also help with depression, and can alleviate the symptoms of other anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It can take up one month for them to begin working.

These drugs work by boosting the amount of certain chemical messengers in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These drugs are usually the first choice to treat anxiety, although doctors may prescribe other forms of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They work a little differently from SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. They may take a few days to take effect, and they also tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, notably GAD. Their drowsiness, along with other side effects are what make them less well-liked. Another form of antidepressant is monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) can be used to treat anxiety. They are a high risk of toxicity and restrictions on diets limit their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can lead to dependence to tolerance, sedation, and dependence, as well as withdrawal symptoms like a depression, anxiety, and delirium. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam, clonazepam, and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of any anxiety natural treatment for anxiety attacks plan. It aids you in better be aware of your symptoms and causes. Many people find that both therapy and medication aid them cope with anxiety. Certain studies have proven that cognitive behavioral therapy can be just as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk with your doctor about your options and determine what could be the best choice for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines produce a calming effect, decrease anxiety and relax muscles. They also ease symptoms of bodily arousal related to fear (like heart racing and shaking) and encourage sleep.

The way they work is by binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as gamma-aminobutryic acid or GABA which is a receptor in the central nervous system. They enhance GABA's effects by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters and by reducing the volume of messages that are sent to the amygdala. This is a region of the brain which assesses threats and produces a feeling of anxiety.

These medicines are often taken for short durations for instance, during panic attacks or an anxiety episode. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are different from SSRIs aren't able to remain in the body for a long time. They're fast-acting and usually work in a matter of hours, making them suitable for situations in which quick relief is needed (like on a plane flight or prior to giving an address in public).

Since they can be addictive, people are typically prescribed for up to four weeks at a time. After that period, they also cease to be effective.

One of the main reasons the benzodiazepines became so well-known is that they were effective and had a few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate or barbiturates. They are fast in the start of action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives and anticonvulsants, as well as for muscle relaxants.

Benzos are often blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, which included the denial of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment leads to physical dependence. Yet however, benzodiazepines still play a crucial part in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness or confusion. It is recommended to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medicines you currently take or plan to take. Take a look at the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medicines are safe to take with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can help ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd and anxiety treatment), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants to treat other health conditions as well, including eating disorders, certain types of pain, and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors recommend SSRIs as a first-line treatment for anxiety, but these medications may not be appropriate for all people. If these antidepressants aren't working the doctor might suggest an older version known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine, dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're not as popular as the latest antidepressants, but still readily available. Your doctor can prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses for sleep or anxiety.

Nefazodone, a.k.a Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine can also be useful. They are also available in generic forms. If they don't work your doctor, you can try the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Treatments for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These drugs are not usually used to treat anxiety alone however they can be effective if used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you change negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute to your anxiety. It will help you learn to manage your anxiety and build coping skills. Depending on your condition, you might be treated with exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches you to confront unhelpful and fearful thoughts, and overcome your avoidance of situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the level of anxiety-inducing situations until are able to manage the stressors. It can be done either individually or in a small group. In both cases it takes time to achieve results. Some people find that a combination of psychotherapy and medication is the best option. Some people find that medication alone is sufficient to treat their symptoms. Tell your doctor how to treat anxiety attacks you manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

Other medications can help relieve your symptoms. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These medications can help reduce your symptoms, by reducing or blocking signals that trigger stress and fear. They are not a panacea. You will still have to take steps to control anxiety, like exercises, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor could initially prescribe one of the "first first" anxiety medications, which are SSRIs and SNRIs. They are the most effective drugs to treat anxiety disorders, according to research studies. Common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac), Citropram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications might have minor adverse effects, like nausea or insomnia, but they typically disappear within 4-8 weeks. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive and won't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief from anxiety and panic attacks however they can also cause side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination issues, as well as dependence. They're a less popular choice than the barbiturates of the past, but they're just as efficient.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally created to treat allergies. However they can also be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine may have a relaxing affect by blocking histamine receptors. It's not a controlled drug and therefore doesn't carry the same dangers of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are another type of medication which can be used to treat anxiety. They have been shown to reduce anxiety through inhibiting the production of and release of dopamine and sérotonin. They might be prescribed in combination with other medications or Best Way To Treat Anxiety Disorder as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are appropriate for you. They will also discuss the length of time you'll need to take these medications and any adverse effects that could occur. Anxiety medications are only available by prescription, so you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.