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Among the residents that moved to the area was William Henry Vanderbilt, who in 1877 inherited $90 million (equivalent to $2.377 billion in 2023) upon the death of his father, railroad magnate Cornelius Vanderbilt. His youngest son George, who did not yet have a grand mansion of his own, had a future interest, which meant he would obtain the Triple Palace upon Maria's death. That December, William Henry Vanderbilt filed plans for a mansion between 51st and 52nd Streets, with a single unit and a double unit. The double unit in the northern section was designed with mirrored parlors, libraries, dining rooms, and reception rooms on the ground floor. The southern and northern halves of the mansion would be completely disconnected from each other, as the entrance from the central portico would be destroyed. The south wall, opposite the entrance door, had a large fireplace with a mantelpiece made of marble, as well as bronze reliefs of female figures flanking a marble shaft. The south dining room had an elliptical arched ceiling, which was divided into panels with carved fruit and foliate motifs. The south side of the hallway led to the southern section's main dining room, which measured 28 by 36 feet (8.5 by 11.0 m) and had wood wainscoting, a fireplace with carved mantel, and tapestries and paintings.

The eastern portion of the southern section's hallway led to a drawing room, parlor, and library facing Fifth Avenue. The portion of Fifth Avenue in Midtown became an upscale residential area following the American Civil War. After Frick moved out, Cornelius III spent $500,000 (equivalent to $10,898,000 in 2023) to renovate the southern portion of the mansion, including $240,000 on physical alterations. The works sold for $323,195 (equivalent to $4,337,766 in 2023), a loss from the cost of acquiring the collection after adjustments for inflation. 25,000 (equivalent to $681,000 in 2023) and were reported by contemporary media as being made of bronze. News at the time expressed dismay in the loss of the building, though the media said it had long been an outdated remnant of a past time. American Architect & Building News. American Architect and Architecture. The house's architecture was reviewed negatively, especially in comparison to the homes of W. H. Vanderbilt's children. W.H. Vanderbilt's will stipulated that the mansion and collection pass to his son's sons, or another grandson, to stay in the family. Mrs. Vanderbilt's room faced the corner of Fifth Avenue and 51st Street and contained wooden cabinetry from France, a wainscoted wall topped by satins and tapestries, and a ceiling mural by Jules Lefebrve.

In January 1879, Vanderbilt bought a land lot on the west side of Fifth Avenue between 51st and 52nd Streets. Immediately east of the Triple Palace, Fifth Avenue was widened in 1911, and Frick's driveway was cut back. The plans entailed adding another story, removing some facade ornamentation, replacing an exterior iron fence with stone, installing a new Fifth Avenue doorway to replace the existing entrances, and adding a porte cochere in the rear. While city officials initially approved the porte cochere, they subsequently ordered it demolished, saying it projected too far onto the Fifth Avenue sidewalk. It was replaced by 640 and 650 Fifth Avenue. The portico from Fifth Avenue led to an entrance vestibule between the two sections, Cost of Opening a Billiards Parlor from which the southern half of the house was accessed. The William H. Vanderbilt Mansion was the last of seven major Vanderbilt residences in the midtown section of Fifth Avenue when it was demolished. Mariana Griswold Van Rensselaer, meanwhile, likened the mansion to "brown-stone packing boxes". The Daily Constitution. January 11, 1879. p. Hartford Daily Courant. January 20, 1882. p.

The Washington Post. January 18, 1882. p. Cook, Clarence (1882). "Architecture in America". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 26, 1888. p. Less than five years after moving into the mansion, in December 1885, W.H. December 12, 1883. p. December 21, 1883. p. New-York Tribune. June 10, 1883. p. March 10, 1914. p. The Sun. March 22, 1905. p. Vol. 75, no. 1933. April 1, 1905. p. April 16, 1905. p. Vol. 79, no. 2038. April 6, 1907. p. Vol. 73, no. 1885. April 30, 1904. p. December 13, 1885. p. December 9, 1885. p. The stairway was lit by the skylight above the light well, which as decorated in crimson and gold brick. The southern section's third floor had guest rooms that surrounded the light well. The North American Review. Two decades after the house's completion, Herbert Croly wrote that the exterior was "far from interesting" while the brownstone "indicates a blind ignorance of the drift of American architectural advance". It had an exterior of brownstone, like the rest of the house, but the front elevation was not enclosed.